Modular construction is a process in which a building is built off-site, under controlled plant conditions, using the same materials and designing according to the same codes and standards as conventionally built facilities, but in about half the time. A modular building is a prefabricated building that consists of repeated sections called modules. Modularity involves constructing sections remote from the construction site and then delivering them to the intended site. The installation of the prefabricated sections is completed on site.
Prefabricated sections are sometimes placed with a crane. The modules can be placed side by side, end-to-end, or stacked, allowing for a variety of configurations and styles. After placement, the modules are joined together through connections between modules, also known as interconnects. The interconnections link the individual modules to form the overall structure of the building.
Modular homes are built according to local or state building codes, unlike prefabricated homes, which are also built in a factory but are governed by a federal building code. Living in coastal areas also means that the home's modular structure must be strong enough to withstand high-speed winds. Modular staircases can be designed as fully modular units and usually consist of landings and semi-railings with two flights of stairs. Climate, population density, geographical distances, and local housing architecture play a role in the use of modular construction for housing construction.
In particular, if it is a proven process that is being modularized for the first time, it is probably better to keep the original design due to the operational experience it entails, rather than trying to improve it in the first modularized version. Modular homes are increasingly common in urban areas in Japan, due to improvements in design and quality, the speed and compactness of on-site assembly, as well as the reduction in costs and the ease of repair after earthquakes. Permanent modular buildings are constructed to meet or exceed the same building codes and regulations as structures built on-site, and modular construction projects use the same materials specified by the architect that are used in conventionally built buildings. The first recorded example of modular construction occurred in the 1830s, when a London carpenter named John Manning built a prefabricated house for his son.
It is possible that several interfaces between the modular units and other building components are not under the control of the modular manufacturer. Modular twin-screw counter-rotating machines with modular construction are used for reactively mixing, mixing, devolatilizing and extruding. From offices to homes and even larger buildings, such as sports halls, the uses of modular construction are constantly growing. In the United Kingdom and Australia, modular homes have been accepted in some regional areas; however, they are not usually built in major cities.
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